نوروآناتومی

نمونهٔ کارت‌ها

۱۲ کارت اول از ۱۱۵ — رو و پشت هر کارت

1. CN I (olfactory): function and exit?

   Smell; passes through the cribriform plate of the ethmoid

2. CN II (optic): function and exit?

   Vision; optic canal

3. CN III (oculomotor): what does it supply?

   Superior, inferior and medial recti, inferior oblique, levator palpebrae superioris; parasympathetic to sphincter pupillae and ciliary muscle (via Edinger–Westphal nucleus)

4. CN III palsy signs?

   Eye "down and out", ptosis, dilated pupil (compressive lesions like aneurysms affect the pupil first)

5. CN IV (trochlear): muscle and special features?

   Superior oblique. Only nerve exiting the dorsal brainstem; fibers cross; longest intracranial course

6. CN IV palsy signs?

   Vertical diplopia worse looking down (reading, stairs); head tilts away from the affected side

7. CN V (trigeminal) divisions and their exits?

   V1 ophthalmic: superior orbital fissure. V2 maxillary: foramen rotundum. V3 mandibular: foramen ovale

8. CN V motor supply?

   Muscles of mastication (masseter, temporalis, medial and lateral pterygoids) plus mylohyoid, anterior digastric, tensor tympani, tensor veli palatini — all via V3

9. CN VI (abducens): muscle and palsy sign?

   Lateral rectus; affected eye can't abduct and rests medially (horizontal diplopia)

10. CN VII (facial): functions?

    Muscles of facial expression, stapedius; taste anterior ⅔ of tongue; lacrimal, submandibular and sublingual glands

11. CN VII course through the skull?

    Enters the internal acoustic meatus, runs in the facial canal, exits via the stylomastoid foramen

12. CN VIII (vestibulocochlear): function and exit?

    Hearing and balance; internal acoustic meatus